![]() ![]() Hazards include flammability after vaporization into a gaseous state, freezing and asphyxia. It is odorless, colorless, non-toxic and non-corrosive. Liquefied natural gas takes up about 1/600th the volume of natural gas in the gaseous state. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas (predominantly methane, CH4) that has been converted to liquid form for ease of storage or transport. Research into adsorption methods of methane storage for use as an automotive fuel has been conducted. Methane in the form of compressed natural gas is used as a vehicle fuel and is claimed to be more environmentally friendly than other fossil fuels such as gasoline/petrol and diesel. In this context it is usually known as natural gas, which is considered to have an energy content of 39 megajoules per cubic meter, or 1,000 BTU per standard cubic foot. In many cities, methane is piped into homes for domestic heating and cooking purposes. At about 891 kJ/mol, methane's heat of combustion is lower than any other hydrocarbon but the ratio of the heat of combustion (891 kJ/mol) to the molecular mass (16.0 g/mol, of which 12.0 g/mol is carbon) shows that methane, being the simplest hydrocarbon, produces more heat per mass unit (55.7 kJ/g) than other complex hydrocarbons. Compared to other hydrocarbon fuels, burning methane produces less carbon dioxide for each unit of heat released. Methane is important for electrical generation by burning it as a fuel in a gas turbine or steam generator. During the past 200 years, the concentration of this gas in the atmosphere doubled, passing from 0.8 to 1.7 ppm. They come primarily from agricultural and other human activities. If only 1 percent of the methane hydrate resource could be made recoverable, the United States could more than double its domestic natural gas resource base Principal sources of methare are: decomposition of organic wastes natural sources ( marshes) : 23 % fossil fuel extraction : 20 % Coal bed methane extraction the processes of digestion of animals (cattle) : 17 % bacteria found in rice plantations : 12 % biomass anaerobic heating or combustion 80% of the world emissions are of human source. Geological Survey has estimated that the United States has 320,000 trillion cubic feet of gas hydrates, some 200 times conventional natural gas resources and reserves in the country. It is therefore also classified as a biogas. Methane results from the decomposition of certain organic matters in the absence of oxygen. Methane is a greenhouse gas with a global warming potential of 22 (meaning that it has 22 times the warming ability of carbon dioxide). Pure methane is odorless, but when used as a fuel it is usually mixed with small quantities of strongly-smelling sulfur compounds such as ethyl mercaptan to enable the detection of leaks. The search for which one can facilitate C-H bond activation in methane and other low alkanes is an area of research with considerable industrial significance. The strength of the carbon hydrogen covalent bond in the methane molecule is among the strongest in all hydrocarbons, and thus its use as a chemical feedstock is limited. Burning one molecule of methane in the presence of oxygen releases one molecule of CO2[carbon dioxide) and two molecules of H2O (water): Ī principal component of natural gas, methane is significant. The hydrogen atoms have a 109 degree bond angle giving the molecule a tetrahedral geometry. The carbon atom central to the methane molecule has 4 valence electrons and thus needs 4 more electrons from four hydrogen atoms to complete its octet. To View the Methane Molecule in 3D ->in 3D with Jmol Chemical and Physical Properties of Methane Each non-bonding pair is distributed over both oxygen atoms at once in molecular orbital theory, while in Lewis theory each lone pair is isolated to one atom or to localized bonds attached to that atom.Ihe simplest hydrocarbon, methane is a gas with a chemical formula of CH4. Still, notice that each orbital is spread across both oxygen atoms at once, and again we see that each non-bonding electron pair in the HOMO is very different in molecular orbital theory compared to Lewis theory. \( \newcommand\) molecular orbitals, which are truly non-bonding and mostly oxygen in character. ![]()
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